With the continuous accumulation of human production and living, increasing the amount of garbage generated, "garbage siege" phenomenon is widespread. In order to safeguard the sustainable development of society and the natural environment, it is imperative to dispose of the garbage harmlessly. However, disposal of rubbish is controversial at this stage and is especially incinerated.
There are three main ways of domestic waste treatment: landfill, incineration and compost. Among them, incineration treatment has the advantages of high treatment efficiency and high degree of resource utilization and small area and is one of the most widely used treatment methods in China. However, the flue gas from garbage incineration has caused serious air pollution and threatened the living environment and physical health of residents.
Waste incineration flue gas treatment
According to the "Industry Analysis and Forecast Report of Market Forecast and Investment Strategy of China's Waste Incineration and Flue Gas Treatment Industry" released by Prospect Industry Research Institute, the amount of household waste produced in China rapidly increases after 2009 and the waste incineration facilities increase accordingly.
In 2014, China's domestic waste generation reached 379 million tons, and 400 incineration plants were set up, with an amount of 142 million tons burned. In 2004, domestic waste generated about 180 million tons, the establishment of incineration plant 54, burned 44.9 million tons. The amount of waste incineration rose sharply, bringing the harm of flue gas more and more serious, the situation is not optimistic.
Flue gas generated by waste incineration more complex components, mainly divided into gas and dust particles. The gas includes sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and the like, and soot particles include ash, inorganic salts, heavy metal oxides and the like. Therefore, the flue gas pollution to the environment is a compound pollution of many kinds of poison.
The hazards caused by the flue gas are many, common acid rain, ozone hole, the greenhouse effect, El Nino and so on. In addition, domestic waste incineration may produce toxic substances such as dioxins, which threaten the health of human beings.
Therefore, we must improve the waste incineration flue gas treatment technology to achieve real harmlessness, in order to reduce environmental hazards and threats.
At present, there are mainly three types of waste incineration flue gas treatment technology, for different pollution components in flue gas. The first category is the traditional flue gas purification technology, with a simple process, low failure rate of equipment, easy maintenance and other advantages, but the high ratio of calcium and sulfur, deacidification consumption, resulting in a large amount of fly ash may also produce Dioxin.
The second is a new type of high efficiency flue gas treatment technology to achieve the purpose of dust removal, desulfurization, dechlorination, and eliminate secondary pollution of dioxins; The third category is flue gas denitration technology, including low NOx combustion control technology, the choice of Non-catalytic reduction technology and selective catalytic reduction technology.
In general, under the current situation, our country should actively improve the flue gas treatment technology for waste incineration, promote environmental protection and safety treatment technologies to prevent further deterioration of air pollution and thus reduce the harm caused by flue gas.
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