Recently, the MEP released the "Guidelines for Feasibility Study of Pollution Prevention and Control in Thermal Power Plants" (HJ2301-2017) for the first time with the purpose of national environmental protection standards with a view to further implementing the permit system for pollution discharge and strengthening and standardizing the flue gas, water, noise and solid waste pollution in thermal power plants Prevent and control, improve the quality of the environment, and promote the upgrading and technological improvement of pollution prevention and control measures in the thermal power industry. Recently, the relevant person in charge of the Department of Science and Technology Standards of MEP accepted the interview about the relevant issues of this technical guideline and how to understand and implement this technical guideline.
Reporter: The development of "thermal power plant pollution prevention and control of viable technical guidelines" the necessity and background?
A: The necessity of formulating this Technical Guide is mainly reflected in four aspects: "Environmental Improvement Requirements, Thermal Power Development Requirements, Technical Progress Requirements and Environmental Management Requirements".
First, the requirements of improving the environment. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in our country, the air pollution problem has become increasingly prominent. The continuous large-scale haze incident has aroused the concern of the whole society on the ambient air quality. The main internal causes of smog are coal combustion, vehicle exhaust and industrial pollution discharge, and the huge amount of coal is the main cause of air pollution in most cities. According to statistics, the consumption of coal in the power industry in China accounts for about half of the total coal consumption in the country, and control of coal-fired power plant emissions of air pollutants has become the most important.
Second, the development of thermal power requirements. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period or longer, China's economy still needs to maintain its moderate and high-speed development. Energy development and power development are the rigid demands for our country to achieve the goal of "building an overall well-to-do society." From China's energy resource endowment, thermal power to coal-based, and is still the mainstream of long-term power development. Therefore, the development of thermal power plant pollution prevention and control of feasible technical guidelines is particularly important.
Third, the requirements of technological progress. On June 7, 2014, the State Council issued the "Action Plan for Energy Development Strategy (2014-2020)", marking for the first time in government documents that "the access standards for coal-fired units should be raised. The emission of new coal-fired generating units should be close to that of gas units Emission level. " Governments at all levels and the coal industry responded positively and proactively, vigorously promoted the "ultra-low emission" campaign of coal-fired power, achieved remarkable results and made major breakthroughs in emission reduction technologies. However, some ultra-low-emission flue gas from existing coal-fired power plants have also encountered some problems in their applications, such as simple installation of various technologies and excessive reconstruction costs and excessive energy consumption. To better implement the "Comprehensive Implementation of the program of ultra-low emission and energy-saving renovation of coal-fired power plants" jointly issued by the MEP, NDRC and NEA, and to fulfill the ultra-low emission reconstruction task of coal-fired power plants by 2020, there is an urgent need Develop technical guidelines on ultra-low emissions of flue gas from coal-fired power plants, and guide enterprises to select reliable and reasonable ultra-low-emission technology routes.
Fourth, environmental management requirements. China's environmental management has shifted to the management model with the improvement of environmental quality as the core, and is actively promoting the management system of the sewage discharge permit. The State Council General Office promulgated the "Implementation Plan for Controlling Pollutant Discharge Permit System" pointed out that it is necessary to "establish and improve a viable technical system based on emission standards, and promote the upgrading and remediation of pollution prevention and control measures by enterprises and institutions and technological progress"; and the MEP released the " Relevant requirements for clarifying feasible technologies in Technical Specifications for Application and Issuance of Industrial Sewage Discharge Permit refer to applicable technical guidelines for industry pollution prevention and control. In order to adapt to the current situation of environmental management, MEP started the compilation of "Guidelines for Feasible Technical Guidance for Pollution Prevention and Control in Thermal Power Plants" to guide the whole process of thermal power industry and the application of all-factor pollution prevention and control technology and promote the implementation and management of emission permits of thermal power enterprises, Enhance the scientific management of the environment.
Reporter: "thermal power plant pollution prevention and control of feasible technical guidelines" What are the highlights?
A: First, clear terms and definitions of particulate matter. Coal-fired power plants emit flue gas not only contains the dust collector can not fully collect the soot particles, but also includes flue gas desulfurization, denitrification process secondary particles generated. Therefore, for the first time in this Technical Guide, "soot" in flue gas emissions from coal-fired power plants is defined as particulate matter, solid and liquid particulate material suspended in the exhaust gas.
Second, the limestone-gypsum wet composite tower desulfurization technology and pH partitioning technology are proposed for the first time. In the recent five years, with the tightening of air pollutant emission standards in thermal power plants, pollution control technologies have been developing rapidly. In order to achieve ultra-low sulfur dioxide emissions, the main technologies are complex tower technology and pH zoning technology. Field optimization, installation of efficiency components and other methods to improve the desulfurization efficiency, the formation of a variety of new and efficient desulfurization process.
Thirdly, the guideline not only clarifies the feasible technologies of achieving flue gas compliance, but also clarifies feasible technologies for ultra-low emission and optimizes technical routes to provide technical support for the implementation of the sewage permit system, standardize ultra-low emissions and lead the industrial development and technological innovation in the industry. In this Technical Guide, coal-fired power plants should follow the basic principle of "making coal suitable, using furnaces appropriate to local conditions, coordinating with each other and taking development simultaneously into consideration" in selecting an ultra-low-emission technology route, and choosing mature and reliable technologies, Economic reasonable and feasible, long-term stable operation, maintenance and management simple and convenient, with some energy-saving technology. At the same time, this guideline also gives the selection methods of ultra-low emission technologies of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides respectively through charts and tables, etc., and gives typical technical routes of ultra-low emission of flue gas pollutants.
Taking particulate matter as an example, there are three typical technical routes at present: ultra-low-emission technical route with wet electrostatic precipitator as second dust removal; wet desulfurization synergistic dust removal as ultra-low emission technical route with secondary dust removal; Ultra-clean electric bag composite dust removal is not dependent on secondary dust ultra-low emission technology line. The practical application of the project should consider the synergies between different pollutant treatment facilities and select suitable technical routes for the specific conditions of different coal-fired power plants.
Reporter: How to understand the principle of "ultra-low emission technology route selection" proposed in the "Technical Guideline" due to the system of coal, due to the proper use of furnaces, co-ordination and coordination and development?
A: Due to the coal system, not only to consider the design of coal, check the coal species, but also to consider as the market changes, the power plant may burn coal and coal quality fluctuations, to ensure that the use of unfavorable coal-fired conditions, pollution Material can achieve ultra-low emissions.
For example, for the relatively stable coal quality, low ash, easy charging, relatively large ash and sulfur flue gas conditions, the selection of low-temperature electrostatic precipitators + composite desulfurization synergistic dust removal system as the ultra-low particulate matter emission technology line is a Economic and reasonable choice. For coal quality fluctuations, high ash, poor charging performance, gray sulfur is relatively small flue gas conditions, you should give priority to the selection of electric bag filter or bag filter for dust removal, followed by the installation of wet electrostatic precipitator, It depends on the outlet concentration of the dust collector and the synergistic dedusting effect of the desulfurization process adopted later, and the wet electrostatic precipitator is the best choice to deal with unfavorable factors.
Due to furnace system, mainly considering the different types of furnace fly ash composition and nature of the impact. Such as circulating fluidized bed boiler, suitable for low-quality fuel combustion, usually high ash content, particle size larger than the pulverized coal furnace, exhaust temperature is generally high, in principle, preferred electric bag filter or bag filter ; For the combustion of coal circulating fluidized bed higher calorific value, the choice of low temperature electrostatic precipitator waste heat utilization.
According to local conditions, it is necessary to consider the site conditions to transform the unit, but also to consider where the crew
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